Marsh, 22, graduated last year from the United States Air Force Academy with a degree in physics and is currently enrolled at Harvard pursuing her master's in public policy.
The U.S. Air Force celebrated her win on X and called her "our very own."
In an interview with Miss America, she said you can achieve anything.
"The sky is not the limit and the only person that’s stopping you is you," she said.
According to her Miss Colorado biography, she founded the Whitney Marsh Foundation with her family following the death of her mom in 2018. The foundation was created to raise awareness and funds to help the research in the fight against pancreatic cancer.
Fifty-one contestants participated in the pageant, representing all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Ellie Breaux of Texas won first-runner up.